Hydrogen bonding structure of confined water templated by a metal-organic framework with open metal sites.

Water in confinement exhibits properties significantly different from bulk water due to frustration in the hydrogen-bond network induced by interactions with the substrate. Here, we combine infrared spectroscopy and many-body molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structure and dynamics of confined water as a function of relative humidity within a metal-organic framework containing cylindrical pores lined with ordered cobalt open coordination sites. Building upon the agreement between experimental and theoretical spectra, we demonstrate that water at low relative humidity binds initially to open metal sites and subsequently forms disconnected one-dimensional chains of hydrogen-bonded water molecules bridging between cobalt atoms. With increasing relative humidity, these water chains nucleate pore filling, and water molecules occupy the entire pore interior before the relative humidity reaches 30%. Systematic analysis of rotational and translational dynamics indicates heterogeneity in this pore-confined water, with water molecules displaying variable mobility as a function of distance from the interface

Relationship between perceived and actual quality of data checking

Data quality is critical to reaching correct research conclusions. Researchers attempt to ensure that they have accurate data by checking the data after it has been entered. Previous research has demonstrated that some methods of data checking are better than others, but not all researchers use the best methods. Perhaps researchers continue to use less optimal data checking methods because they mistakenly believe that they are highly accurate. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived data quality and actual data quality. A total of 29 participants completed this study. Participants checked that letters and numbers had been entered correctly into the computer using one of three randomly assigned data checking methods. Afterwards, they rated the quality of their data checking method. The sample correlations between perceived and actual data quality were small to moderate and confidence intervals for the population correlations did not include high values. We conclude that the relationship between actual and perceived data quality is not high

Is There a Sex Difference in the Age of Elite Marathon Runners?

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine i) if there is a sex difference in the age of the elite marathon runners and ii) if the sex difference in performance altered across the years that women have participated in the marathon. Methods: Age at time of competition and running times of the first five placed male and female runners who competed in the seven marathons of the World Marathon Majors Series were analyzed. Data from as many years as was available online were retrieved so that 410 men and 410 women were included in the analysis. The marathons and years included the Berlin (1999–2009), Boston (2000–2009), Chicago (1997–2009), London (2001–2009), New York City (1990–2009), International Athletic Association Federation World Championship (1983, 1987, and every 2 yr from 1991), and Olympic (every 4 yr since 1984) marathons. Results: Women were older than men (mean ± SD = 29.8 ± 4.2 vs 28.9 ± 3.8 yr), but for only two of the seven marathons, the Chicago and the London marathons (P \u3c 0.05): the sex difference in age was not consistent across the years. There was no sex difference in age for the Berlin, Boston, New York City, World Championship, and Olympic marathons. Men were faster than women (11.6% ± 1.8%). The sex difference in running velocity varied across marathons (least for the World Championships, 10.2%) and also across years, but not systematically. This sex difference in running velocity increased from first to fifth place across all marathons. Conclusions: These data indicate that men and women physiologically peak at a similar age in marathon running performance. The sex difference in performance of elite marathon runners varied across years but has not systemically decreased or varied since the 1980s

Misogyny in Health Professions? An Analysis of the Dalhousie Dentistry Scandal

Commentaire / CommentaryCe commentaire explique comment et pourquoi un scandale, tel que celui de la Faculté de dentisterie de l'Université Dalhousie, peut se produire dans une société et une époque où les rôles traditionnels assignés aux femmes et aux hommes ont apparemment disparu. Nous nous référerons aux modes d’objectivation de Foucault, appliqué à une analyse de l’utilisation des « actes de virilité », en relation avec le curriculum dissimulé, pour faire valoir que, lorsque les femmes menacent l’autorité des hommes dans les professions de santé, les hommes peuvent inconsciemment chercher des moyens de ré- exercer une partition binaire sujet-objet, inégale et genrée.This commentary offers an explanation for how and why the Dalhousie Dentistry scandal could occur in a society and time where traditional gender roles are seemingly being eradicated. We use Foucault’s modes of objectification, applied to an analysis of the use of “manhood acts” and in relation to the hidden curriculum, to argue that when women threaten the authority of men in health professions, men may subconsciously look for ways to re-exert an unequal and gendered subject-object binary

Simple Sprinkler Performance Testing for Davis County

This fact sheet describes how to perform a site inspection and a sprinkler test so you can irrigate your landscape more efficiently, and provides an irrigation schedule for Davis County, Utah

Motor Symptoms as a Prodrome to Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia occurs in 1% of the population and is severely impairing to those afflicted. Thereby, it is of the utmost importance to recognize and treat the disorder as early as possible. For the last several decades research has attempted to elucidate a variety of predictive factors in order to aid in the identification of patients at high risk of developing a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. These factors have included premorbid or prodromal movement symptoms. The literature has identified motor aberrations beginning early in life, in some cases even in infancy, ranging from neonatal hypotonicity to facial and upper body dyskinesia. These motor symptoms have not only been demonstrated to aid in predicting conversion to schizophrenia but carry prognostic importance for other outcomes as well. We present the case of a 34-year-old male who developed abnormal motor symptoms several years prior to the onset of psychosis. Our case builds upon the current body of literature by demonstrating the importance of spontaneous dyskinesia in the evaluation of populations at high risk for the development of a schizophrenia spectrum illnesses

Application of value management in project briefing

Author name used in this publication: Qiping Shen2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAccepted ManuscriptPublishe

A study of university students' perceptions and experiences around food practices

Food practices are complex behaviours, influenced by a range of factors within the socio-cultural, economic, political, and environmental contexts. University students, many of whom are in the phase of “emerging adulthood,” live in unique contexts, oftentimes are in the process of adapting to new independence, while managing limited budgets and dealing with busy schedules and competing priorities, which can impact their food purchasing, preparation, and consumption practices. This thesis outlines a mixedmethods research study conducted on the food practices of undergraduate students living in St. John’s, NL. Through the use of surveys and in-depth interviews, this research explores students’ perceptions and experiences with food and health, looking at how complex interrelations between social, cultural, economic, and environmental factors influence these understandings and behaviours. Reflecting the dominant discourse, participants indicated their concern with eating healthy. However, a range of factors impact their ability to do so, with time constraints, lack of energy, financial difficulties, peer influence, and availability of food being some of the most common

Laboratory studies of the aqueous-phase oxidation of polyols: submicron particles vs. bulk aqueous solution

Oxidation in the atmospheric aqueous phase (cloud droplets and deliquesced particles) has received recent attention as a potential pathway for the formation of highly oxidized organic aerosol. Most laboratory studies of aqueous-phase oxidation, however, are carried out in bulk solutions rather than aqueous droplets. Here we describe experiments in which aqueous oxidation of polyols (water-soluble species with chemical formula C[subscript n]H[subscript 2n+2]O[subscript n]) is carried out within submicron particles in an environmental chamber, allowing for significant gas–particle partitioning of reactants, intermediates, and products. Dark Fenton chemistry is used as a source of hydroxyl radicals, and oxidation is monitored using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). Aqueous oxidation is rapid, and results in the formation of particulate oxalate; this is accompanied by substantial loss of carbon to the gas phase, indicating the formation of volatile products. Results are compared to those from analogous oxidation reactions carried out in bulk solution. The bulk-phase chemistry is similar to that in the particles, but with substantially less carbon loss. This is likely due to differences in partitioning of early-generation products, which evaporate out of the aqueous phase under chamber conditions (in which liquid water content is low), but remain in solution for further aqueous processing in the bulk phase. This work suggests that the product distributions from oxidation in aqueous aerosol may be substantially different from those in bulk oxidation experiments. This highlights the need for aqueous oxidation studies to be carried out under atmospherically relevant partitioning conditions, with liquid water contents mimicking those of cloud droplets or aqueous aerosol.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AGS-1056225

The role of value management in achieving best value in public sector service delivery in South Africa: a research agenda

It is common cause that, for the most part, public sector service delivery in South Africa is in a state of disarray. Problems associated with service delivery include shortages of skilled staff, under-spending of budgets, corruption, and a general lack of capacity. Best value in public service delivery is clearly not being achieved. Best Value is an emerging initiative that aims to improve the quality of public services. The basic premise of the Best Value initiative is that the public service should procure services on the basis of value for money rather than on lowest cost. The literature suggests the use of value management with risk management within a project management framework to achieve value for money. This article outlines a research agenda for examining the role of value management in achieving best value in public sector service delivery in South Africa.&nbsp